Naslov (srp)

Morfološka i molekularna karakterizacija potencijalnih klonova sorte vinove loze Vranac : doktorska disertacija

Autor

Jančić, Rade, 1979-

Doprinosi

Nikolić, Dragan, 1964-
Matijašević, Saša, 1967-
Ranković-Vasić, Zorica, 1974-
Petrović, Aleksandar, 1974-
Ivanišević, Dragoslav, 1981-

Opis (eng)

Clone selection is based on intra-varietal genetic variability. Genetic variations come mainlyfrom spontaneous, natural mutations, which, if good, can be registered and preserved throughvegetative propagation. The probability of intra-varietal variability increases with the aging ofvineyards, as well as with varieties that are present in significant areas in a particular teritory. TheVranac variety is the most represented variety of Montenegro, which does not base its cultivationboundaries only on the area from which it originates, but is present in the Western Balkans. As anold variety, it is susceptible to spontaneous mutation.The aim of this dissertation was the potential isolation of elite vines of the Vranac variety, thecontinuation of which would single out new clones through the selection process. The research wasconducted on the micro-locality "Aerodrom" of the company "July 13 - Plantations" in a vineyardmore than forty years old. In the first phase of clonal selection in 2014, clonal candidates withimproved production characteristics were defined in comparison with the variety population. A setof about 10,000 vines was used for the experiment, of which 104 vines were selected by visualassessment for further analysis. By sublimation of the overall analyzes, 21 potential clones of Vranacvariety were isolated at the end. During the two-year period (2015 and 2016) the climatic and edaphicconditions of the examined locality were studied, and in 21 selected clones ampelographic andmolecular characterization, analysis of viral infections, phenological characteristics, yielding, clusterand berry characteristics, quality of must, chemical analysis of wine and tasting evaluation of wine.The analysis of the parameters of the mean monthly and annual temperatures showed that thetemperature conditions of the site were very favorable for performing the experiment. According tothe value of mean vegetation temperature (VEGT), the Podgorica subregion belongs to the “hot”climate group. In relation to the values of the Winkler index (WI) it is located in Region V (C III).The amount of precipitation was also satisfactory.Ampelographic investigation, as well as molecular characterization showed that there are nosignificant differences between the examined clones, so they all belong to the Vranac variety.Differences between clone candidates were noticeable in the economic and technologicalcharacteristics of clusters and berries, as well as in the chemical and sensory characteristics of wine.The examined clones did not show differences in relation to the qualitative characteristics of youngshoots, young leaves, shoots, inflorescences and mature leaves, while a slight deviation was foundfor the characteristics of clusters and berries. Molecular analysis, based on SSR markers, establishedsimilarity between the examined clones. Based on the ELISA test, it was found that the GLRaV-1and GLRaV-3 viruses were present in all tested clone candidates, while the GFLV virus was presentin 9 potential clones.The beginning of the vegetation of the observed clonal candidates started from 18-20.03.2015., ie 16-20.03.2016. Activation of buds for 2015 was registered in the period from 02.04-09.04., ie 27.03-02.04., for 2016. The beginning of flowering took place in 2015 in the period from15.05-23.05., ie 16.05-20.05., for 2016. During 2015, depending on the clone candidate, a veraisonof grapes appeared from 13.07-22.07., ie from 16.07-24.07., in 2016. The maturation of shoots inboth examined years occurred almost identically in all clones.The clones were divided into three groups according to the potential yieding coefficient: low,medium and high, and each group had 7 clones. In terms of cluster size, the most common were clonecandidates with medium clusters (150-225 g), a total of 13. Clone V9 (24/1) had the highest averageyield per vine and the total number of bunches. Clone V10 (27/5) had the lowest values of theseindicators. The average bunch weight was the lowest in clone V2 (4/28), and the highest in V6(14/20)...

Opis (srp)

Mоrfоloškа i mоlеkularnа kаrаktеrizаciја pоtеnciјаlnih klоnоvа sоrtеvinоvе lоzе VrаnаcRezimeKlonska selekcija se zasniva na unutarsortnoj genetičkoj varijabilnosti. Genetske varijacijepotiču uglavnom od sponatanih, prirodnih mutacija, koje se, ukoliko su dobre, mogu registrovati iputem vegetativnog umnožavanja sačuvati. Verovatnoća pojave unutarsortne varijabilnosti povećavase starenjem vinograda, kao i kod sorti koje su zastupljene na značajnim površinama u određenompodručju. Sorta Vranac je najzastupljenija sorta Crne Gore koja svoje granice uzgajanja ne temeljisamo na prostoru sa kog potiče, već je prisutna na području Zapadnog Balkana. Kao stara sortapodložna je spontanom mutiranju.Cilj rada ove disertacije je bio potencijalna izolacija elitnih čokota sorte Vranac, čijim bi senastavkom kroz postupak selekcije izdvojili novi klonovi. Istraživanja su obavljena namikrolokalitetu "Aerodrom" kompanije "13. jul - Plantaže" u vinogradu starom više od četrdesetgodina. U prvoj faza klonske selekcije 2014. godine definisani su klonski kandidati sa poboljšanimproizvodnim karakteristima u poređenju sa sortom populacijom. Za eksperiment je korišćen skup odoko 10 000 čokota, od kojih je vizuelnom ocenom za dalju analizu izdvojeno 104 čokota.Sublimacijom sveukupnih analiza izdvojena su na kraju 21 potencijalna klona sorte Vranac. Tokomdvogodišnjeg perioda (2015 i 2016) proučavani su klimatski i edafski uslovi ispitivanog lokaliteta, akod 21 selekcionisanog klona ampelografska i molekularna karakterizacija, analiza virusnihinfekcija, fenološke osobine, rodnost, osobine grozda i bobice, kvalitet šire, hemijski analiza vina idegustaciona ocena vina.Analiza parametara srednjih mesečnih i godišnjih temperatura pokazala je da su temperaturniuslovi lokaliteta bili veoma povoljni za izvođenje ekperimenta. Subregion Podgorica prema vrednostisrednje vegetacione temperature (VEGT) pripada “vrućoj” klimatskoj grupi. U odnosu na vrednostiVinklerovog indeksa (WI) nalazi se u Regionu V (C III). Količina padavina bila je takođezadovoljavajuća.Ampelografska ispitivanja, kao i molekularna karakterizacija su pokazali da ne postojeznačajne razlike između ispitivanih klonova, tako da svi oni pripadaju sorti Vranac. Razlike izmeđuklonskih kandidata bile su uočljive u privredno-tehnološkim karakteristikama grozda i bobice, kao iu hemijskim i senzornim karakteristikama vina. Ispitivani klonovi nisu pokazali razlike u odnosu nakvalitativne karakteristike mladog lastara, mladog lista, lastara, cvasti i zrelog lista, dok je neznatnoodstupanje utvrđeno za osobine grozda i bobice. Molekularna analizom, na osnovu SSR markerautvrđena je sličnost između ispitivanih klonova. Na osnovu ELISA testa ustanovljeno je da su virusiGLRaV-1 i GLRaV-3 bili prisutni kod svih testiranih klonskih kandidata, dok je GFLV virus bioprisutan kod 9 potencijalnih klonova.Početak vegetacije posmatranih klonskih kantidata započinjao je od 18-20.03.2015., odnosno16-20.03.2016. Aktiviranje pupoljaka za 2015. godinu je registrovano u periodu od 02.04-09.04.,odnosno 27.03-02.04., za 2016. godinu. Početak cvetanja se tokom 2015. godine‚ odvijao u perioduod 15.05-23.05., odnosno 16.05-20.05., za 2016. godinu. Šarak grožđa je tokom 2015. godine uzavisnoti od klonskog kandidata nastupio od 13.07-22.07., odnosno od 16.07-24.07., u 2016. godini.Sazrevanje lastara je u obe ispitivane godine nastupilo gotovo identično kod svih klonova.Klonovi su prema koeficijentu potencijalne rodnosti podeljeni u tri grupe: sa niskim, srednjimi visokim, i svaka grupa brojala je po 7 klonova. U pogledu krupnoće grozda, najzastupljeniji su biliklonski kandidati sa srednje grozdovima (150-225 g), ukupno 13. Najveći prosečan prinos po čokotui ukupan broj grozdova imao je klon V9 (24/1). Klon V10 (27/5) imao je najniže vrednosti ovihpokazatelja. Prosečna masa grozda je bila najmanja kod klona V2 (4/28), a najveća kod V6 (14/20)...

Opis (srp)

Biotehničke nauke - Vinogradarstvo / Biotechnical sciences - Viticulture Datum odbrane: 26.09.2022.

Jezik

srpski

Datum

2022

Licenca

Ovo delo je licencirano pod uslovima licence
Creative Commons CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 AT - Creative Commons Autorstvo - Nekomercijalno - Bez prerada 3.0 Austria License.

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/at/legalcode

Predmet

OSNO - Opšta sistematizacija naučnih oblasti, Vinogradarstvo

vinova loza, sorta, klonska selekcija, morfološkre osobine, SSR, grožđe, vino

634.853:631.527(043.3)

OSNO - Opšta sistematizacija naučnih oblasti, Vinogradarstvo

grapevine, variety, clonal selection, morphological characteristics, SSR, grapes, wine.