Naslov (srp)

Osnovi ništavnosti ugovora u međunarodnom javnom pravu

Autor

Anđelić, Milica, 1994-

Doprinosi

Čučković, Bojana, 1979-
Milisavljević, Bojan, 1975-
Rakić, Branko, 1961-
Dimitrijević, Duško, 1965-

Opis (eng)

The subject of this doctoral dissertation is international treaties, which are listed in Article 38 of the Statute of the International Court of Justice as the main source of international law together with customary rules. In international law, contracts have a double function: 1) they represent legal affairs like contracts in domestic law and 2) they represent legislative acts, a kind of international legislation when it comes to general multilateral agreements.In the framework of contract law, the institution of nullity deserves special attention. In classical international law, contract nullity practically did not even exist in today's sense of the word. Classical international law was dominated by two principles: 1) absolute autonomy of the will of states in concluding international agreements and 2) war as a permissible tool in international relations. Therefore, it was insisted on the simple agreement of the will of the states, regardless of how it was achieved, as the basis of the validity of the contract.In such conditions, the nullity of the contract played practically no role, because every international injustice, as Jelinek says, existed legally permitted by the conclusion of the contract. Things began to change with the adoption of the constitutional acts of the first universal political international organizations - the Covenant of the League of Nations and the Charter of the United Nations - which limit or prohibit the use of force in international relations. This opens up space for the constitution of nullity as a part of international contract law.The grounds of nullity are definitively formulated by the Convention on the Law of Contracts from 1969, which is called the "Treaty Convention". In addition to the grounds of nullity recognized by domestic law, the Convention also introduced some new grounds or added some new elements to the grounds of nullity from domestic law.The provisions of the Convention on Contract Law created only a normative framework for the annulment of international contracts. Normative framework by itself does not solve the problem of nullity given the institutional weaknesses of international law, especially the lack of mandatory jurisdiction, so that in international practice, contracts are also annulled by unilateral acts of states.Through the analysis of the practice of annulment of contracts, it is pointed out the cases of annulment that jump out of the normative framework provided by the convention. In this regard, the application of the rule on the nullity of contracts over the state as a collective and the conflict of the contract with the peremptory norm of general international law is of particular importance.In the first section, we will explore the concept of nullity of international agreements, the grounds of nullity and the correctness of the distinction between absolute and relative nullity of contracts, as well as the problem of annulment of international agreements.When we explore the very concept of nullity, it implies the termination of the contract due to the discovery of defects that existed at the time of the conclusion of the contract.In the second section, we will talk about the concept of delusion, the relevance of delusion as a basis for the nullity of international agreements, the types of delusion according to classical international law. The definition of misrepresentation states that a misrepresentation is a false or incorrect representation as to the facts relevant to the conclusion of a contract.

Opis (eng)

Social sciences / international law

Opis (srp)

Predmet doktorske disertacije su međunarodni ugovori, koji su u članu 38 Statuta Međunarodnog Suda pravde navedeni kao glavni izvori međunarodnog prava, zajedno sa običajnim pravilima. U međunarodnom pravu ugovori imaju dvostruku funkciju: 1) predstavljaju pravne poslove, poput ugovora u unutrašnjem pravu, i 2) predstavljaju legislativne akte, neku vrste međunarodnog zakonodavstva, kada je riječ o sveopštim multilateralnim ugovorima.U okviru ugovornog prava institut ništavosti zaslužuje posebnu pažnju. U klasičnom međunarodnom pravu ništavost ugovora praktično nije ni postojala u današnjem smislu riječi. U klasičnom međunarodnom pravu dominirala su dva principa: 1) apsolutna autonomija volje država u sklapanju međunarodnih ugovora i 2) rat kao dopušteno sredstvo u međunarodnim odnosima. Stoga se insistiralo na prostoj saglasnosti volja država, bez obzira na to kako je postignuta, kao osnovu valjanosti ugovora.U takvim uslovima ništavost ugovora nije igrala praktično nikakvu ulogu, jer je svaka međunarodna nepravda, kao što kaže Jelinek, postajala pravno dopuštena sklapanjem ugovora. Stvari počinju da se mijenjaju sa donošenjem ustavnih akata prvih univerzalnih političkih međunarodnih organizacija – Pakta Društva naroda i Povelje Ujedinjenih nacija – koji ograničavaju odnosno zabranjuju upotrebu sile u međunarodnim odnosima. Tako se otvara prostor za konstituisanje ništavosti kao dijela međunarodnog ugovornog prava.Osnovi ništavosti su definitivno uobličeni Konvencijom o ugovornom pravu iz 1969. godine koja se naziva „Ugovor o ugovorima“. Konvencija je, pored osnova ništavosti koje priznaje i unutrašnje pravo, uvela i neke nove osnove ili je osnovama ništavosti iz unutrašnjeg prava dodale nove elemente.Odredbama Konvencije o ugovornom pravu stvoren je samo normativni okvir za poništenje međunarodnih ugovora. Normativni okvir sam po sebi ne rješava problem ništavosti s obzirom na institucionalne slabosti međunarodnog prava, posebno nepostojanja obavezne sudske nadležnosti, tako da se u međunarodnoj praksi ugovori poništavaju i jednostranim aktima država.Analiza prakse poništenja ugovora ukazuje na postojanje slučajeva u kojima dolazi do odstupanja od normativnog okvira propisanog odredbama Konvencije. U tom kontekstu, od posebnog je značaja primjena pravila o ništavosti ugovora nad državom kao kolektivitetom i sukob ugovora sa peremptornom normom opšteg međunarodnog prava.U prvom odjeljku biće riječi o pojmu ništavosti međunarodnih ugovora, o osnovama ništavosti i ispravnosti razlikovanja apsolutne i relativne ništavosti ugovora, kao i o problemu poništenja međunarodnih ugovora.Kada govorimo o samom pojmu ništavosti, on podrazumijeva prestanak dejstva ugovora usljed otkrivanja nedostataka koji su postojali u trenutku njegovog zaključenja.

Opis (srp)

Društvene nauke / Međunarodno pravo Datum odbrane: 21.07.2025.

Jezik

srpski

Datum

2025

Licenca

Ovo delo je licencirano pod uslovima licence
Creative Commons CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 AT - Creative Commons Autorstvo - Nekomercijalno - Bez prerada 3.0 Austria License.

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/at/legalcode

Predmet

međunarodni ugovori, ništavost međunarodnih ugovora, Konvencija o ugovornom pravu, zabluda, prevara, prinuda.

international agreements, nullity of international agreements, Convention on Contract Law, delusion, fraud, coercion