Naslov (srp)

Agro-morfološka karakterizacija i procena genetičke uniformnosti inbred linija kukuruza : doktorska disertacija

Autor

Kovinčić, Anika, 1976-

Doprinosi

Marković, Ksenija, 1964-
Radinović, Irena, 1975-
Kravić, Natalija, 1969-
Živanović, Tomislav, 1965-
Prodanović, Slaven, 1964-

Opis (eng)

Inbred lines are very susceptible to the influence of environmental factors, so knowing their per se performance for the certain growing area is extremely important. In addition to monitoring phenotypic traits, checking genetic uniformity is essential. Only inbred lines with a high percentage of homozygosity can be components of a commercial maize hybrid.A set of 15 maize inbred lines (G1–G15) developed at the Maize Research Institute "Zemun Polje" were selected in order to assess the phenotypic and genetic uniformity. Standard grain quality genotypes belongs to different heterotic and maturity groups, from mid-early to late (FAO 300–700). Of the total number of lines, 11 are components of registered hybrids, and four proved to be promising after testing general and specific combining ability.In a three-year field trial, the agro-morphological characterization of genotypes was done according to the UPOV descriptor by monitoring qualitative (QL), quantitative (QN) and pseudo-qualitative (PQ) traits. Genotypes were characterized by monitoring 32 traits, metrically or visually assessed. Phenotypic uniformity was assessed based on visual evaluations using the Off-type approach.The Ultrathin-layer Isoelectric Focusing (UTLIEF) of reserve proteins (albumin and globulin) and eight SSR markers prescribed by ISTA for verification of maize genotypes was used for genetic uniformity testing. For each genotype, the same seed sample was used for testing under field conditions and for laboratory analysis.A four-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the sources of variation (genotype, year, plant density, sowing date and their interactions) were statistically significant for the largest number of analyzed traits. For the factors of year and genotype, principal components analysis (PCA) determined that plant growth traits, tassel traits and grain characteristics proved to be the most discriminating in evaluating the variability of tested maize inbred lines.Using the AMMI model, analysis of variance presented by sowing date (R1 and R2), showed that all sources of variation (genotype, treatment – sowing density, year, and their interaction) significantly affected grain yield (p<0.01). In the first sowing date at both densities, the best performance in terms of stability and yield which exceeded the general average, was achieved by genotypes G5 and G6 (FAO 400), as well as G8 (FAO 500). In the second sowing date at both densities, pronounced stability and yield above the general average had a line G12 (FAO 600). The mentioned genotypes can be considered suitable for cultivation in a wider agro-ecological area. It was also found that the factor year affected the correlation and statistical significance of phenotypic traits.Morphological markers established deviation from uniformity only in the case of lines G1 and G2 (FAO 300), which was confirmed by biochemical and SSR markers. Beside theirs use for verifying varieties of maize, report on phi 102228 and umc1545 primer pairs ability to detect non-specific bands (i.e., off-types), strongly supports the recommendation of these SSR markers use for more accurate and time-efficient maize inbred lines genetic uniformity testing.

Opis (srp)

Inbred linije su veoma podložne uticaju faktora spoljašnje sredine, te je poznavanje njihove per se performanse za planirano područje gajenja izuzetno važno. Pored praćenja fenotipskih osobina, provera genetičke uniformnosti je neophodna. Samo inbred linije visokog procenta homozigotnosti mogu biti komponente komercijalnog hibrida kukuruza.U cilju procene fenotipske i genetičke uniformnosti odabran je set od 15 inbred linija kukuruza (G1–G15) Instituta za kukuruz „Zemun Polje“. Genotipovi su standardnog kvaliteta zrna, različite genetičke osnove, od srednje ranih do kasnih grupa zrenja (FAO 300–700). Od ukupnog broja linija, 11 su komponente priznatih hibrida, a četiri su se pokazale perspektivnim nakon testiranja opšte i posebne kombinacione sposobnosti.U trogodišnjem ogledu u uslovima polja, agro-morfološka karakterizacija genotipova je rađena po UPOV deskriptoru praćenjem kvalitativnih (QL), kvantitativnih (QN) i pseudokvalitativnih (PQ) osobina. Genotipovi su okarakterisani praćenjem 32 osobine, metrički ili vizuelno ocenjenih. Fenotipska uniformnost je procenjena na osnovu vizuelnih ocena primenom Off-type pristupa.Za ispitivanje genetičke uniformnosti je primenjeno Ultra Tankoslojno Izoelektrično Fokusiranje (UTLIEF) rezervnih proteina (albumina i globulina) i osam SSR markera prepisanih od strane ISTA za verifikaciju genotipova kukuruza. Za svaki genotip, isti uzorak semena je korišćen za testiranje u uslovima polja i za laboratorijsku analizu.Četvorofaktorijalna analiza varijanse (ANOVA) je pokazala da su izvori variranja (genotip, godina, gustina, rok i njihove interakcije) bili statistički značajni za najveći broj analiziranih osobina. Za faktore godina i genotip, analizom glavnih komponenata (PCA) je utvrđeno da su se osobine rast biljke, osobine metlice i karakteristike zrna pokazale najdiskriminativnijim u proceni varijabilnosti evaluiranih inbred linija kukuruza.Primenom AMMI modela, analiza varijanse predstavljena po roku setve (R1 i R2), je pokazala da su svi izvori variranja (genotip, tretman – gustina setve, godina, kao i njihova interakcija) značajno uticali na prinos zrna (p<0,01). U prvom setvenom roku na obe gustine, najbolju performansu u pogledu stabilnosti i visine prinosa koji je premašivao opšti prosek, izdvojili su se genotipovi G5 i G6 (FAO 400), kao i G8 (FAO 500). U drugom setvenom roku po istom kriterijumu izdvojila se linija G12 (FAO 600). Navedeni genotipovi se mogu smatrati pogodnim za gajenje u širem agro-ekološkom arealu. Takođe je utvrđeno da je faktor godina uticao na korelisanost i statističku značajnost fenotipskih osobina.Morfološkim markerima ustanovljeno je odstupanje od uniformnosti jedino u slučaju linija G1 i G2 (FAO 300), što je potvrđeno i biohemijskim i SSR markerima. Pored upotrebe za verifikaciju sorti kukuruza, sposobnost parova prajmera phi 102228 i umc1545 da detektuju nespecifične trake (tj. off-tipove), snažno podržava preporuku upotrebe ovih SSR markera za tačniju i vremenski efikasniju procenu genetičke uniformnosti inbred linija kukuruza

Opis (srp)

Biotehničke nauke - Ratarstvo i povrtarstvo / Biotechnical sciences - Field and Vegetable Crops Datum odbrane: 26.09.2025.

Jezik

srpski

Datum

2025

Licenca

Ovo delo je licencirano pod uslovima licence
Creative Commons CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 AT - Creative Commons Autorstvo - Nekomercijalno - Bez prerada 3.0 Austria License.

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/at/legalcode

Predmet

OSNO - Opšta sistematizacija naučnih oblasti, Žita

genetic markers, sowing density, inbred lines, maize, sowing dates, stability, uniformity.

OSNO - Opšta sistematizacija naučnih oblasti, Žita

genetički markeri, gustina setve, inbred linije, kukuruz, rok setve, stabilnost, uniformnost.

633.15:631.527.5]:575.222(043.3)