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Dietary fatty acids as a new binding partner of C-phycocyanin: a fluorimetric study
Šunderić, Miloš
Veličković, Luka
Gligorijević, Nikola
Aleksić, Ljubodrag
Nikolić, Milan
Takić, Marija
Minić, Simeon
ABSTRACT C-Phycocyanin (C-PC) is a phycobiliprotein from cyanobacteria, where it harvests light energy that is then transferred to chlorophylls during photosynthesis. It has an intense blue color due to a covalently bonded tetrapyrrole chromophore, and owing to this property is used in the food industry as a good natural alternative for food coloring. In addition to its coloring properties, C-PC has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-cancer, and immune-enhancing effects that qualify it as a dietary supplement already included in various formulations, mainly Spirulina extract powders. Since it is used as a food colorant and as a dietary supplement, it may interact with food ingredients, affecting its stability, digestibility, or antioxidant properties. Palmitic acid and linoleic acid (which can be metabolized to linolenic acid) are abundant in meat, milk, and edible oils, so that they could interact with C-PC. C- Phycocyanin isolated from the cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis (Spirulina) was incubated with increasing concentrations of these three fatty acids, and its fluorescence intensity was monitored. Incubation resulted in a fluorescence quenching effect, indicating that binding had occurred. The binding equations indicated that the association constants were of the same order of magnitude and that the number of approximate binding sites was more than one (Ka = 4.64 x 10⁴ M-¹, n = 1.5 for linoleic acid; Ka = 2.88 x 10⁴ M–¹, n = 1.9 for linolenic acid; Ka = 0.44 x 10⁴ M–¹, n = 0.8 for palmitic acid). This moderate interaction between C-PC and fatty acids could influence its behavior as a nutraceutical and food colorant.
engleski
2023
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Creative Commons CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 - Creative Commons Autorstvo - Nekomercijalno - Bez prerada 4.0 International License.
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fatty acids; C-phycocyanin; fluorimetry; binding constant