Naslov (srp)

Uticaj fenotipske i genetičke udaljenosti inbred linija na ispoljavanje heterozisa kod dialelnih hibrida kukuruza : doktorska disertacija

Autor

Perić, Sanja, 1991-

Doprinosi

Prodanović, Slaven, 1964-
Stevanović, Milan, 1982-
Ristić, Danijela, 1976-
Savić, Jasna, 1971-
Živanović, Tomislav, 1965-

Opis (srp)

Za istraživanje je korišćeno sedam inbred linija kukuruza različitog porekla i dužinevegetacionog perioda. Odabrane inbred linije su ukrštene po metodu dialela bez recipročnihkombinacija čime je dobijen 21 hibrid. Ogledi su postavljeni u polju tokom 2017. i 2018. godine na trilokacije: Zemun Polje, Novi Sad i Školsko Dobro (Zemun).Fenotipska karakterizacija je urađena na osnovu morfoloških osobina inbred linija i hibrida, kao ina osnovu kvantitativnih osobina u koje spadaju prinos i komponente prinosa. Najviši prinos suostvarile inbred linije ZPL6 (4.17 t/ha) i ZPL4 (4.16 t/ha), najniži inbred linija ZPL5 (3.40).Najprinosniji hibridi su bili ZPL2 x ZPL4 (11.15 t/ha) i ZPL1 x ZPL4 (10.79 t/ha), a najmanje prinosnihibridi ZPL5 x ZPL7 (6.31 t/ha) i ZPL3 x ZPL6 (6.47 t/ha).Heterozis je računat u odnosu na boljeg roditelja (HPH) za sve ispitivane osobine. Najvišavrednost heterozisa za prinos zrna je dobijena kod hibrida ZPL2 x ZPL4 u 2017. godini (285.88), anajniža kod hibrida ZPL4 x ZPL7 u 2018. godini (31.19).Na osnovu ispitivanja opštih (OKS) i posebnih (PKS) kombinacionih sposobnosti inbred linijazabeležene su značajne i veoma značajne pozitivne vrednosti OKS za prinos zrna kod inbred linijaZPL2 i ZPL4, dok su značajne negativne vrednosti OKS za prinos zrna imale inbred linije ZPL5 iZPL7. Najveću pozitivnu PKS vrednost za prinos zrna je imala hibridna kombinacija ZPL2 x ZPL4(2.061), a najmanju vrednost hibridna kombinacija ZPL1 x ZPL7 (0.857). Odnos OKS/PKS ukazuje nauticaj aditivne i neaditivne (dominacija i epistaza) varijanse u ukupnom fenotipskom variranju. Zaosobine prinos zrna, broj redova zrna, broj zrna u redu, dubina zrna i masa 1000 zrna je odnosOKS/PKS bio manji od 1 što ukazuje na preovlađujući uticaj neaditivne varijanse, dok je za osobinevisina biljke, visina klipa, ukupan broj listova, broj listova iznad klipa i dužina klipa odnos OKS/PKSbio veći od 1 što ukazuje na preovlađujući uticaj aditivne varijanse.Za korelaciju prinosa i komponenti prinosa podaci ukazuju na najveću zavisnost prinosa sabrojem zrna u redu (0.50). Kod ostalih osobina inbred linija i hibrida je najveća zavisnost bila izmeđuvisine biljke i visine klipa (0.85 i 0.83).Molekularna karakterizacija inbred linija je izvršena pomoću SSR i SNP molekularnih markerana osnovu kojih je formiran dendrogram. Na osnovu SSR markera najmanja genetička sličnost jezabeležena između inbred linija ZPL2 i ZPL6 (0.45), a najveća između inbred linija ZPL5 i ZPL6(0.75). Na osnovu SNP markera najveća genetička distanca je bila između inbred linija ZPL2 i ZPL4(0.487), a najmanja između inbred linija ZPL1 i ZPL2 (0.191). Rezultati su pokazali da su najudaljenijeinbred linije dale hibride sa najvećim prinosom zrna i najvećim heterozisom.

Opis (srp)

Biotehničke nauke - Ratarstvo i povrtarstvo / Biotechnical Sciences - Field and Vegetable Crops Datum odbrane: 05.06.2023.

Opis (eng)

Seven maize inbred lines of different origin and different growing period were investigated.Selected inbred lines were crossed by the diallel method without reciprocal combinations, and in thisway we got 21 hybrids. Field trials were conducted during 2017 and 2018 on three locations: ZemunPolje, Novi Sad and Školsko Dobro (Zemun).Phenotypic characterization was done on the basis of morphological characteristics of inbredlines and hybrids, as well as on the basis of quantitative characteristics which include grain yield andyield components. The highest grain yield was achieved by inbred lines ZPL6 (4.17 t/ha) and ZPL4(4.16 t/ha), the lowest grain yield was achieved by inbred line ZPL5 (3.40). The most productivehybrids were ZPL2 x ZPL4 (11.15 t/ha) and ZPL1 x ZPL4 (10.79 t/ha), and the least productivehybrids were ZPL5 x ZPL7 (6.31 t/ha) and ZPL3 x ZPL6 (6.47 t/ha).Heterosis was calculated in relation to the better parent (HPH) for all examined traits. The highestvalue of heterosis for grain yield was obtained for hybrids ZPL2 x ZPL4 in 2017 (285.88), and thelowest for hybrids ZPL4 x ZPL7 in 2018 (31.19).Based on the investigation of general (OKS) and specific (PKS) combining abilities of inbredlines, significant and very significant positive values of OKS for grain yield were recorded in inbredlines ZPL2 and ZPL4, while significant negative values of OKS for grain yield were recorded in inbredlines ZPL5 and ZPL7. The hybrid combination ZPL2 x ZPL4 (2,061) had the highest positive value ofPKS for grain yield, and the hybrid combination ZPL1 x ZPL7 (0,857) had the lowest value. TheOKS/PKS ratio indicates the influence of additive and non-additive (dominance and epistasis) variancein the total phenotypic variation. For grain yield, kernel row number, kernel number per row, eardiameter and 1000-kernel weight, the OKS/PKS ratio was less than 1, which indicates the predominantinfluence of non-additive variance, while for plant height, ear height, total number of leaves, thenumber of leaves above the ear and ear length ratio OKS/PKS was greater than 1, which indicates thepredominant influence of additive variance.For the correlation of grain yield and yield components, the data indicate the highest dependenceof grain yield with the kernel number per row (0.50). Among other traits of inbred lines and hybrids,the greatest dependence was between plant height and ear height (0.85 and 0.83).Molecular characterization of inbred lines was performed using SSR and SNP molecular markersand dendrogram was formed showing genetic distance between inbred lines. Based on SSR markers,the lowest genetic similarity was recorded between the inbred lines ZPL2 and ZPL6 (0.45), and thehighest between the inbred lines ZPL5 and ZPL6 (0.75).Based on SNP markers, the largest genetic distance was between the inbred lines ZPL2 and ZPL4(0.487), and the smallest between the inbred lines ZPL1 and ZPL2 (0.191). The results showed that themost distant inbred lines gave hybrids with the highest grain yield and the highest heterosis.

Jezik

srpski

Datum

2022

Licenca

Ovo delo je licencirano pod uslovima licence
Creative Commons CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 AT - Creative Commons Autorstvo - Nekomercijalno - Bez prerada 3.0 Austria License.

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/at/legalcode

Predmet

OSNO - Opšta sistematizacija naučnih oblasti, Genetika i oplemenjivanje biljaka

OSNO - Opšta sistematizacija naučnih oblasti, Žita

dialel, inbred linije, hibrid, heterozis, kombinacione sposobnosti, kukuruz, genetička distanca, molekularni markeri

633.15:631.527.5(043.3)

OSNO - Opšta sistematizacija naučnih oblasti, Genetika i oplemenjivanje biljaka

OSNO - Opšta sistematizacija naučnih oblasti, Žita

diallel, inbred lines, hybrid, heterosis, combining abilities, maize, genetic distance, molecular markers