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Imanuel Valerštajn : tvorac teorije svetskog sistema
Jakšić, Miomir
In his decades long active research, Immanuel Wallerstein has consequently developed his theoretical system, postulating: the world is historically and spatially an indivisible entity, and on the ruins of diverse world empires the world capitalistic system was born. The capitalistic system, as all other systems, is a historical one – it has its beginning and end, and the space in which civilisations develop are indivisible, universal. When asked about the main character of his research, Immanuel Wallerstein pointed out that the main focus is on historical social sciences: social in the sense of wholeness and inte- grativeness, and historical in the sense of its cyclic and transient nature. ,,When asked about my research, today I emphasize three different fields: firstly, I analyse the current world system historical development. Secondly, I attempt to analyse the structural crisis the world system is facing today, and thirdly, I aim at analysing the knowledge structure crisis, which partly is a structural crisis of the contemporary world system , but is also a crisis that requires particular and comprehensive analysis[...]These triple tasks are the ones I deal with. And the best summary of these interests are that I am a scientist in the field of hisotrical-social sciences.” The work of Immanuel Wallerstein rests upon ideas, and not on ideology which is in con- trast to any rigid and biased approaches as shown in the `End of history` theory which postulates that the best of all possible worlds is achieved: the capitalistic world. When asked by the author of this paper to prepare for Serbian readers a selection of his latest works on the occasion of his anniversary, his 85th birthday, professor Wallerstein had very readily and with pleasure responded to our initiative. His research and theory provides many arguments, reasons and answers to the historical developments related to the rise and fall of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. During the years of our commu- nication and collaboration, he had shown vivid interest in these historical events which confirm to a large extent the fundamentals of Wallerstein`s Theory of world system
ABSTRAKT: Tokom decenijskog naučnog rada Imanuel Valerštajn dosledno razvija svoj teorijski si- stem: svet je istorijski i prostorno nedeljiva celina, a na ruševinama raznolikih svetskih carstava izrastao je svetski kapitalistički sistem. Svaki sistem, pa i kapitalistički, jeste istorijski – ima svoj početak i kraj, a prostor u kome se razvijaju civilizacije je nedeljiv, univerzalan. Odgovarajući na pitanje čime se u svojim istraživanjima bavi, Imanuel Va- lerštajn odgovara da su to istorijske društvene nauke: društvene u smislu ukupnosti i celovitosti, a istorijske u smislu cikličnosti i prolaznosti. „Kada me pitaju čime se bavim, danas odgovaram da moj rad obuhvata tri različita područja. Prvo, analiziram istorijski razvoj savremenog svetskog sistema. Drugo, pokušavam da analiziram strukturnu krizu u kojoj se ovaj svetski sistem sada nalazi. I treće, pokušavam da analiziram krizu strukture znanja, koja je delimično strukturna kriza savremenog svetskog sistema, ali i kriza koja iziskuje posebnu i sveobuhvatnu analizu [...] Ovo trojstvo zadataka je ono čime se bavim. I najbolji kratak opis ovog zanimanja jeste da sam ja naučnik u oblasti istorijsko-društve- nih nauka.” Njegov opus počiva na idejama, a ne ideologiji poput one o Kraju istorije čiji su protago- nisti tvrdili da je dosegnut najbolji od svih mogućih svetova – kapitalistički. Na poziv potpisnika ovog rada da za srpske čitaoce pripremi izbor svojih novijih radova kojim bismo u Srbiji obeležili njegov jubilej – 85 godina života i rada – profesor Imanuel Valerštajn se rado i spremno odazvao na naš poziv. Ima u tome možda i simbolike jer je Socijalistička Federativna Republika Jugoslavija tokom svog uspona i pada umnogome potvrdila utemeljenost Valerštajnove teorije.
srpski
2019
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KLJUČNE REČI: IMANUEL VALERŠTAJN, TEORIJA SVETSKOG SISTEMA, KAPITALISTIČKA SVETSKA PRIVREDA.
KEY WORDS: IMMANUEL WALLERSTEIN, WORLD SYSTEM THEORY, CAPITALIST WORLD ECONOMY.