Sistemska kriza problematičnih kredita i ekonomska politika : analiza iskustava nakon globalne finansijske krize
ABSTRACT: The aim of the paper is to provide an overview and assessment of the economic policy measures taken to rehabilitate the credit portfolio of the banking sector in European coun- tries. There is a dichotomy in measures taken when looking at advanced and less devel- oped European countries. In developed countries, financial state aid plays a crucial role, particularly in the form of special purpose public asset management companies. In less developed countries, non-financial mechanisms that improve the quality of institutions have been given priority. Measures to address nonperforming loans have overwhelmingly focused on addressing structural economic weaknesses, giving them a far-reaching and reforming character. The financial burden is placed completely onto the private sector, with the expectation that the parent banks of local subsidiaries, which dominate the host banking systems, fully bear all the costs. A final solution to accumulated nonperforming loans is not feasible without sustainable economic growth, low unemployment, relatively low interest rates and favorable real estate market developments.
APSTRAKT: Cilj rada je da pruži osvrt i iznese ocenu preduzetih mera ekonomske politike usmerenih na sanaciju kreditnog portfolija bankarskog sektora u evropskim zemljama. Prisutna je dihotomija u merama kada se posmatraju više i manje razvijene evropske zemlje. U razvijenim zemljama krucijalnu ulogu ima finansijska pomoć države, posebno u formi namenskih kompanija za upravljanje problematičnom aktivom. U slabije razvijenim ze- mljama primat imaju nefinansijski mehanizmi kojima se podiže kvalitet institucija. Mere za razrešenje problematičnih kredita su preovlađujuće bile usredsređene na otklanjanje strukturnih slabosti što im daje dalekosežniji reformski karakter. Finansijski teret se u potunosti prebacuje na privatni sektor uz očekivanje da matične banke lokalnih subsidi- jara, koji dominiraju domicilnim bankarskim sistemima, u potpunosti snose sve troškove. Konačno rešenje akumuliranih problematičnih kredita nije moguće bez održivog ekonom- skog rasta, niske nezaposlenosti, relativno niskih kamatnih stopa i povoljnih kretanja na tržištu nekretnina.
srpski
2020
© All rights reserved
KLJUČNE REČI: PROBLEMATIČNI KREDITI, EKONOMSKA POLITIKA, NAPLATA DUGOVA, ZAŠTITA KREDITORA
KEYWORDS: NONPERFORMING LOANS, ECONOMIC POLICY, DEBT WORKOUT, CREDITOR RIGHTS