Zastupljenost lantanoida i aktinoida u različitim tipovima zemljišta Srbije i potencijal gljive Macrolepiota procera (Scop.) Singer za njihovu akumulaciju : doktorska disertacija
Čakmak, Dragan B., 1964-
Mitić, Violeta, 1968-
Stajić, Mirjana, 1970-
Trifković, Jelena, 1976-
Manojlović, Dragan, 1961-
Mutić, Jelena, 1969-
Within this doctoral dissertation, the content of lanthanoids, scandium and yttrium (rare earth elements), uranium and thorium (the most abundant naturally occuring actinoids) as well as certain microelements (lead, vanadium, rubidium and silver) was determined in different types of soil from Serbia, together with the examination of their distribution in the soil and the ability of the fungus Macrolepiota procera to absorb and accumulate these elements in its fruiting body has been assessed.Soil samples were collected at multiple locations on Mount Goč and from forests around Trstenik. The total content of the examined elements in the soil was determined after aqua regia digestion of soil samples. In order to define the distribution of elements in soil fractions (easily exchangeable, reducible, oxidizable and residual) and to assess their bioavailability the BCR (Commission of the European Communities Bureau of Reference) sequential extraction procedure was applied. The content of the examined elements was determined in the parts of the fruiting body of M. procera (in the stipe and cap), after microwave digestion. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to quantify the elements in the prepared samples. The applied method was verified using standard reference materials.In the examined soil samples, from lanthanoids, cerium was present in the highest concentration, followed by neodymium and lanthanum, while lutetium and thulium were present in the lowest concentration. The contents of scandium, yttrium, uranium and thorium in the soil of central Serbia correspond to the values for uncontaminated soils, without a pronounced anthropogenic impact. Rare earth elements and actinoids are predominantly associated with the residual soil fraction indicating their low mobility as well as bioavailability under normal environmental conditions. The different content of rare earth elements in the soil, depending on its type and geographical origin, enables the differentiation of soil according to location, which is confirmed by the method of multivariate analysis.In order to examine the assimilation mechanisms of the examined elements into the fruiting body of the M. procera, the values of bioconcentration and translocation factors were calculated. M. procera does not have the potential for the accumulation of rare earth elements and actinoids. On the other hand, depending on the sampling location, a difference in the concentrations of these elements in the fruiting bodies of the fungus was observed, which indicates the influence of the soil characteristics on the absorption and accumulation potential.
U okviru ove doktorske disertacije određena je zastupljenost lantanoida, skandijuma i itrijuma (elementi retkih zemalja), urana i torijuma (prirodno najzastupljenijih aktinoida) kao i određenih mikroelemenata (olova, vanadijuma, rubidijuma i srebra) u uzorcima zemljišta različitog tipa sa područja Srbije, ispitana je njihova distribucija u zemljištu i procenjena je sposobnost gljive Macrolepiota procera da ih apsorbuje i akumulira u svom plodonosnom telu.Uzorci zemljišta uzeti su sa više lokaliteta na planini Goč i iz šuma u okolini Trstenika. Ukupan sadržaj ispitivanih elemenata u zemljištu određen je nakon digestije uzoraka carskom vodom. U cilju definisanja raspodele elemenata po zemljišnim frakcijama (lako izmenjiva, reducibilna, oksidabilna i rezidualna) i procene njihove biodostupnosti primenjena je BCR (Commission of the European Communities Bureau of Reference) sekvencijalna ekstrakciona procedura. Sadržaj ispitivanih elemenata određen je i u šeširu i dršci plodonosnog tela M. procera nakon mikrotalasne digestije. Za kvantifikaciju elemenata u pripremljenim uzorcima korišćena je metoda indukovano spregnuta plazma - masena spektrometrija (ICP-MS). Primenjena metoda je verifikovana korišćenjem standardnih referentnih materijala.U ispitivanim uzorcima zemljišta, od lantanoida u najvećoj koncentraciji bio je zastupljen cerijum a zatim neodijum i lantan, dok su u najmanjoj koncentraciji bili zastupljeni lutecijum i tulijum. Sadržaji skandijuma, itrijuma, urana i torijuma u zemljištu centralne Srbije odgovaraju vrednostima za nekontaminirana zemljišta, bez izrazitog antropogenog uticaja. Elementi retkih zemalja i aktinoidi dominantno su povezani sa rezidualnom frakcijom zemljišta što ukazuje na njihovu malu mobilnost i nisku biodostupnost pri uobičajenim uslovima životne sredine. Različita zastupljenost elemenata retkih zemalja u zemljištu u zavisnosti od njegovog tipa i geografskog porekla, omogućava diferencijaciju zemljišta prema lokaciji, što je potvrđeno metodom multivarijantne analize.U cilju utvrđivanja mehanizama usvajanja ispitivanih elemenata u plodonosno telo M. procera, izračunate su vrednosti biokoncentracionih i translokacionih faktora. M. procera ne poseduje potencijal akumulacije elemenata retkih zemalja i aktinoida. Sa druge strane, u zavisnosti od lokaliteta uzorkovanja, uočena je razlika u koncentracijama ovih elemenata u plodonosnim telima gljive, što ukazuje na uticaj karakteristika zemljišta na potencijal apsorpcije i akumulacije.
Hemija - Analitička hemija / Chemistry - Analytical Chemistry Datum odbrane: 17.05.2021.
srpski
2021
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OSNO - Opšta sistematizacija naučnih oblasti, Hemijske metode analize
elementi retkih zemalja, lantanoidi, aktinoidi, sekvencijalna ekstrakcija, Macrolepiota procera
OSNO - Opšta sistematizacija naučnih oblasti, Hemijske metode analize
rare earths elements, lanthanoids, actinoids, sequential extraction, Macrolepiota procera