Naslov (srp)

Patogeni paprike iz zemljišta i mogućnost njihovog suzbijanja fungicidima : doktorska disertacija

Autor

Mihajlović, Milica V., 1987-

Doprinosi

Vukša, Petar, 1950-
Rekanović, Emil
Ivanović, Mirko, 1948-
Stević, Milan, 1972-
Tanović, Brankica

Opis (srp)

Uzorci obolelih delova biljaka paprike sa simptomima uvenuća i truleži korena i prizemnog dela stabla prikupljeni su sa različitih lokaliteta teritorije Republike Srbije u cilju identifikacije prouzrokovača oboljenja, kao i ispitivanja njihove osetljivosti na klasične i biofungicide u uslovima in vitro i in vivo. Na osnovu proučenih patogenih i morfoloških svojstava utvrđeno je da dobijeni izolati pripadaju vrstama: Verticillium dahliae, Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum i Pythium aphanidermatum. Identitet izolata potvrđen je analizom sekvenci DNK fragmenata dobijenih korišćenjem univerzalnog para prajmera ITS1/ITS4. Osetljivost izolata na fungicide u uslovima in vitro proučena je metodom inhibicije porasta micelije, pri čemu je određivana koncentracija fungicida koja izaziva inhibiciju porasta 50 % u odnosu na kontrolu (EC50), dok je in vivo efekat fungicida na patogene iz zemljišta proučavan u uslovima staklenika na veštački inokulisanim biljkama paprike. U uslovima in vitro, izolat V. dahliae, prouzrokovač „zelenog uvenuća“ paprike, bio je veoma osetljiv na difenokozol (EC50 = 0,02 mg/l) i prohloraz (EC50 = 0,03 mg/l) i umereno osetljiv na tiofanat-metil (EC50 = 3,48 mg/l). Međutim, u uslovima staklenika, najveću efikasnost u suzbijanju V. dahliae na inokulisanim biljkama paprike ispoljio je preparat na bazi tiofanat-metila (83,1 % u odnosu na kontrolu), mada razlika u intenzitetu oboljenja između varijanti primene tiofanat-metila (83,1 %), prohloraza (73,8 %) i difenokonazola (70,8 %) nije bila statistički značajna. Od proučavanih fungicida najslabija efikasnost utvrđena je kod preparata na bazi azoksistrobina (23,1 %), koja se nije razlikovala od kontrole (P > 0,05). Takođe, utvrđena je visoka pozitivna korelacija između efikasnosti fungicida i visine biljaka (r = 0,81), kao i između efikasnosti i sveže mase biljaka paprike (r = 0,84). Dužina nekrotiranog prizemnog dela stabla bila je u negativnoj korelaciji sa efikasnošću fungicida (r = - 0,84)...

Opis (srp)

Biotehničke nauke - Fitofarmacija / Biotechnical sciences - Phytopharmacy Datum odbrane: 24.07.2014

Opis (eng)

Samples of diseased pepper plant parts, expressing wilt as well as root and crown rot symptoms, were collected at different localities on territory of the Republic of Serbia with an aim of identification of disease causal agents and testing their sensitivity to conventional and biological fungicides in in vitro and in vivo assays. Based on the studied pathogenic and morphological characteristics, it was found that the obtained isolates belong to the following species: Verticillium dahliae, Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Pythium aphanidermatum. Isolates identity was confirmed by the sequence analysis of DNA fragments obtained by application of pair of universal primers ITS1/ITS4. Sensitivity of isolates to fungicides in in vitro assays was tested by mycelial growth inhibition method and fungicide concentration that causes 50 % growth inhibition compared to control (EC50) was determined. Fungicide effects on soil-borne pathogens in vivo were tested under greenhouse conditions on artificially inoculated pepper plants. In in vitro assays, the isolate V. dahliae, causal agent of ˝green wilt˝ of pepper, proved to be very sensitive to difenoconazole (EC50 = 0.02 mg/l) and prochloraz (EC50 = 0.03 mg/l) and moderately sensitive to thiophanate-methyl (EC50 = 3.48 mg/l). However, under greenhouse conditions, the highest efficacy in V. dahliae control on inoculated pepper plants was recorded for the product based on thiophanate-methyl (83.1 % compared to control). Though, the difference in disease severity between treatments with thiophanate-methyl (83.1 %), prochloraz (73.8 %) and difenoconazole (70.8 %) was not statistically significant. Among the tested fungicides, the lowest efficacy was recorded for the product based on azoxystrobin (23.1 %), with no significant difference compared to control (P > 0.05). Moreover, high positive correlation between fungicide efficacy and height of the plants (r = 0.81), as well as between efficacy and fresh mass of pepper plants (r = 0.84) was also registered...

Jezik

srpski

Datum

2014

Licenca

Creative Commons licenca
Ovo delo je licencirano pod uslovima licence
Creative Commons CC BY-NC-ND 2.0 AT - Creative Commons Autorstvo - Nekomercijalno - Bez prerada 2.0 Austria License.

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.0/at/legalcode

Predmet

OSNO - Opšta sistematizacija naučnih oblasti, Suzbijanje biljnih bolesti i štetočina

patogene gljive iz zemljišta, paprika, osetljivost, efikasnost,fungicidi, biofungicidi.

635.649:632.4 (043.3)

OSNO - Opšta sistematizacija naučnih oblasti, Suzbijanje biljnih bolesti i štetočina

soil-borne pathogenic fungi, pepper, sensitivity, efficacy,fungicides, biofungicides