Naslov (srp)

Uticaj brasinosteroida 24-epibrasinolida na klijanje i rane faze rastenja i razvića različitih hibrida kukuruza (Zea mays L.) : doktorska disertacija

Autor

Waisi, Hadi K., 1984-

Doprinosi

Nikolić, Bogdan
Cvetić-Antić, Tijana, 1976-
Giba, Zlatko, 1962-
Trifković, Jelena, 1976-
Janković, Bojan, 1974-

Opis (eng)

One of the most important goals of modern agriculture is to increase efficiency (reduction of production costs, with a corresponding increase in yield). Almost all parts of the maize plant can be used, and that is the fact which gives maize a special economic significance. Growth regulators and phytohormones may have a favorable impact on yield improvement, development and resistance to biotic and abiotic stress. Maize is particularly vulnerable to the effects of adverse environmental factors in the early stages of growth and development, and treatment with growth regulators can cause a number of changes in biochemical and physiological processes of maize seedlings which could improve the growth and resistance to stressful environmental conditions. Brassinosteroids are natural regulators of plant growth, and they are present in low concentrations in various organs (pollen, seeds, young vegetative tissue, etc.) at all systematic groups of plants. They have an important role in various developmental processes in plants, such as cell elongation, vascular tissue differentiation, etiolation, reproductive development, etc. Young vegetative tissues are especially sensitive to exogenously added BRs, and in these tissues BRs may induce intensive expansion of cells. Also, BRs can mediate plant responses to stress factors (abiotic, biotic and xenobiotic). Seeds of maize hybrids ZP 434 and ZP 704 were germinated in a solution of different concentrations of 24-EBL. Seven days old seedlings were used for the analyses. The effect of exogenously added 24-EBL on plumule and radicle growth, content of photosynthetic pigments, mineral elements and sugars was analyzed. Also, method for extraction of polyphenols was optimized, along with their characterization in the parts of the seedlings (plumule, radicle, the rest of the seed). Production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species was rated, in order to examine (with above mentioned methods) their impact on the growth of maize seedlings. Kinetic and thermodynamic analysis during drying of seedlings have been implemented, in order to elucidate the mechanisms of dehydration of seedling parts and thus analyze the mechanisms of resistance of maize seedlings under drought stress...

Opis (srp)

Jedan od važnijih ciljeva moderne poljoprivrede je povećanje efikasnosti (umanjenje troškova proizvodnje, uz istovremeno uvećanje prinosa). Gotovo svi delovi biljke kukuruza se mogu iskoristiti, što je činjenica koja kukuruzu daje poseban ekonomski značaj. Regulatori rastenja i fitohormoni mogu imati povoljan uticaj utiču na povećanje prinosa, razviće i otpornost prema biotskom i abiotskom stresu. Kukuruz je posebno osetljiv na dejstvo nepovoljnih sredinskih faktora u ranim fazama rastenja i razvića, pa tretman regulatorima rastenja može izazvati niz promena u biohemijskim i fiziološkim procesima u klijancima kukuruza, koje bi mogle poboljšati rastenje i otpornost na stresne uslove životne sredine. Brasinosteroidi su prirodni regulatori rastenja biljaka, prisutni u niskim koncentracijama u različitim organima (polen, seme, mlada vegetativna tkiva itd.) biljaka svih sistematskih grupa. Imaju značajnu ulogu u različitim razvojnim procesima kod biljaka kao što je izduživanje ćelija, vaskularna diferencijacija, etiolacija, reproduktivni razvoj itd. Mlada vegetativna tkiva su posebno osetljiva na egzogeno dodate BRs, i u tim tkivima dolazi do intenzivne ekspanzije ćelija. Takođe, BRs posreduju i u odgovoru biljaka na stresne faktore (abiotski, biotski i ksenobiotski). U istraživanjima su korišćena semena hibrida kukuruza ZP 434 i ZP 704, koja su isklijavana u rastvoru 24-EBL-a različitih koncentracija. Za analize su korišćeni klijanci starosti sedam dana. Ispitivan je uticaj egzogeno dodatog 24-EBL-a na rastenje plumule i radikule, kvantifikovan je sadržaj fotosintetičkih pigmenata, mineralnih elemenata i šećera, optimizovana je metoda za ekstrakciju polifenola, uz njihovu karakterizaciju u delovima klijanaca (plumula, radikula, ostatak semena). Detektovana je produkcija reaktivnih kiseoničnih i azotnih vrsta, kako bi se ispitao njihov uticaj na rastenje klijanaca pomenutih hibrida kukuruza. Takođe, sprovedene su kinetičke i termodinamičke analize prilikom isušivanja klijanaca, kako bi se rasvetlili mehanizmi odlaska vode iz delova klijanaca i time analizirali mehanizmi otpornosti klijanaca kukuruza prema toj vrsti stresa...

Opis (srp)

Biologija - Fiziologija i molekularna biologija biljaka / Biology- Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology Datum odbrane: 16.09.2016.

Jezik

srpski

Datum

2016

Licenca

Ovo delo je licencirano pod uslovima licence
Creative Commons CC BY-NC-ND 2.0 AT - Creative Commons Autorstvo - Nekomercijalno - Bez prerada 2.0 Austria License.

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.0/at/legalcode

Predmet

OSNO - Opšta sistematizacija naučnih oblasti, Fiziologija biljaka

Kukuruz, 24-Epibrasinolid, Klijanje, Šećeri, Kinetički procesi dehidratacije klijanaca, Termodinamiki procesi dehidratacije klijanaca

581.142/.143:633.15(043.3)

OSNO - Opšta sistematizacija naučnih oblasti, Fiziologija biljaka

Maize, 24-Epibrassinolide, Germination, Sugars, Kinetics of seedling dehydration, Thermodynamics of seedling dehydration