Naslov (srp)

Morfološka i molekularna karakterizacija vinskih sorti vinove loze : doktorska disertacija

Autor

Milišić, Kristina D., 1990-

Doprinosi

Ranković-Vasić, Zorica, 1974-
Vuković Vimić, Ana, 1980-
Nikolić, Dragan, 1964-
Matijašević, Saša, 1967-
Ivanišević, Dragoslav, 1981-
Pržić, Zoran, 1984-

Opis (eng)

Viticulture has a significant socio-economic importance worldwide due to its two main objectives, the production of grapes and wine. As one of the most important agricultural crops, the grapevine plays a significant role in the agriculture and food industry of many countries. Apart from the exceptional agro-ecological conditions for viticulture, Serbia has seen a significant stagnation in the area under cultivation and thus in overall viticulture and wine production in recent decades. Recently, efforts have been made to improve wine production, especially among small individual producers of grapes and wine. The socio-economic impact of viticulture can be seen not only in the production of world-class grapes and wine, but also in the preservation of cultural heritage, the promotion of gastronomic diversity and support for rural development. In Serbia, the development of small producers contributes to local economic development, the preservation of tradition and the promotion of Serbian wines on the national and international market. The cultivation of vines and the production of wine have a variety of positive effects both globally and locally. Improving the viticulture sector in Serbia requires support and investment in order to realise the potential of this important sector and achieve a better position on the international wine market. Work on the preservation and characterization of Vitis vinifera L. grape varieties plays a key role in the improvement and strengthening of Serbian viticulture and wine tradition. In the dissertation, the characteristics of 30 grapevine varieties (Vitis vinifera L.) from the collection vineyard of the Faculty of Agriculture University of Belgrade "Radmilovac" were analysed in 2016 and 2017 based on 45 characteristics of OIV descriptors and highly polymorphic microsatellite loci (VVS2, VVMD28, VVMD7, VIVCVMD27, VVMD25, VVMD32, ZAG79 and ZAG62). The climatic characteristics of the locality belonging to the Gročansko vine region and the Belgrade sub-region were determined on the basis of analyzes for the period 1961-2010. This was used for the zoning of Serbia's wine-growing regions and compared with the weather conditions in the years studied (2016-2017). During the multi-year period, the mean annual air temperature was 11.4°C, the mean maximum temperature was 16.7°C and the mean minimum temperature was 6.0°C. According to the value of the mean vegetation temperature, which was 17.1C, Radmilovac belongs to the "warm" climate group. Both years in which the experiments were conducted (2016 and 2017) were warmer than the average for the 1961-2010 climate period (by 1.9°C), with 2017 being characterized by an extremely hot summer. In 2016, there was 21% more eight-hour precipitation than the 1961-2010 average, while in 2017 there was 20% less. The warmer conditions during the growing season are confirmed by the values of the Winkler and Huglin indices as well as higher values of the Night Freshness Index. The values of the Winkler index show that the thermal conditions at the site are moving towards Region III (2016) and in extremely hot years (2017) even towards Region IV. The conditions at the Radmilovac site are becoming suitable for the production of grapes from which high-quality wine can be made. The morphological and molecular characterization of the studied varieties studied, which are cultivated in a locality with particular climatic characteristics, revealed certain similarities and differences between the varieties. The dendrogram based on ampelographic characteristics includes three groups of varieties (A, B and C)...

Opis (srp)

Gajenje vinove loze, kroz svoja dva primarna cilja, proizvodnju grožđa i vina, ima značajan socioekonomski uticaj širom sveta. Vinova loza, kao jedna od najznačajnijih biljnih kultura, ima značajnu ulogu u poljoprivredi i prehrambenoj industriji mnogih zemalja. Poslednjih nekoliko decenija u Srbiji je pored izuzetnih agroekoloških uslova za gajenje vinove loze, evidentna stagnacija površina pod vinogradima, a samim tim i ukupne vinogradarske i vinarske proizvodnje. U novije vreme, primetani su napori za unapređenje vinogradarske proizvodenje, posebno kod malih individualnih proizvođača grožđa i vina.Socioekonomski efekti gajenja vinove loze, osim proizvodnje grožđa i vina na svetskom nivou ogledaju se i u očuvanju kulturne baštine, promovisanju gastronomske raznolikosti i podržavanju ruralnog razvoja. U Srbiji razvoj malih proizvođača doprinosi lokalnom ekonomskom razvoju, očuvanju tradicije i promociji srpskih vina na domaćem i međunarodnom tržištu. Gajenje vinove loze i proizvodnja vina imaju širok spektar pozitivnih efekata kako na globalnom, tako i na lokalnom nivou. Unapređenje sektora vinogradarstva u Srbiji zahteva podršku i investicije kako bi se iskoristili potencijali ovog važnog sektora i postigao bolji položaj na međunarodnom tržištu vina.Rad na očuvanju i karakterizaciji sorti vinove loze Vitis vinifera L. ima ključnu ulogu u unapređenju i jačanju srpskog vinogradarstva i vinske tradicije. U disertaciji su tokom 2016. i 2017. godine proučavane karakteristike 30 sorti vinove loze (Vitis vinifera L.) iz kolekcionog vinograda Oglednog dobra Poljoprivrednog Fakulteta Univerziteta u Beogradu „Radmilovac“, korišććenjem 45 osobina OIV deskriptora i visokopolimorfnih mikrosatelitskih lokusa (VVS2, VVMD28, VVMD7, VICVVMD27, VVMD25, VVMD32, ZAG79 i ZAG62).Klimatske karakteristike lokalitetakoj e pripada Gročanskom vinogorju i Beogradskomrejonu, određene su na osnovu analiza za vi šegodišnji period 1961 2010. k oji je korišćen zarejonizaciju vinogradarskih područja Srbije i upoređene su sa vremenskim uslov ima u tokuispitivanih godina (2016 2017). Tokom višegodišnjeg perioda srednja g odišnja temperaturavazduha i z nosila je 11,4  C, s rednja maksimalna temperatura 16,7  C a srednja minimalna6,0  C. Po vrednosti srednje vegetacione temperature, koja je iznosila 17.1C, lokalitet Radmilovac spada u klimatsku grupu „tople“ klime. Obe godine tokom kojih su sprovedeni ogledi (2016. i 2017.) su bile toplije od proseka za klimatski period 1961-2010 (za 1,9C), dok je 2017. bila specifična po ekstremno toplom letu. Tokom 2016. godine utvrđeno je za 21% više osmotrenih padavina od proseka za 1961-2010, a tokom 2017. godine za 20% manje. Toplije uslove tokom vegetacije potvrđuju i vrednosti Winkler-ovog i Huglin-ovog indeksa, kao i više vrednosti Indeksa svežine noći. Vrednosti Winkler-ovog indeksa pokazuju da toplotni uslovi na lokalitetu prelaze u uslove koje odgovaraju Regionu III (2016. godina), pa čak i IV u ekstremno toplim godinama (2017. godina). Uslovi na lokalitetu Radmilovac postaju pogodni za proizvodnju grožđa od kojih se može proizvesti vino visokog kvaliteta.Morfološka i molekularna karakterizacija ispitivanih sorti vinove loze gajenih na lokalitetu sa specifičnim klimatskim karakteristikama pokazala je određene sličnosti i razlike u između sorti.Dendrogram zasnovan na ampelografskim karakteristikama obuhvata tri grupe sorti(A, B I C)...

Opis (srp)

biotehničke nauke - vinogradarstvo / Biotechnical - Viticulture Datum odbrane: 08.07.2024.

Jezik

srpski

Datum

2024

Licenca

Ovo delo je licencirano pod uslovima licence
Creative Commons CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 AT - Creative Commons Autorstvo - Nekomercijalno - Bez prerada 3.0 Austria License.

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/at/legalcode

Predmet

OSNO - Opšta sistematizacija naučnih oblasti, Vinogradarstvo

vinova loza, sorta, identifikacija, OIV deskriptori, molekularni markeri, SSR

634.85:581.4 (043.3)

OSNO - Opšta sistematizacija naučnih oblasti, Vinogradarstvo

vine, cultivar, identification, OIV descriptors, molecular markers, SSR