Prečišćavanje ekstracelularnih vezikula imunoafinitetnim metodama i njihova karakterizacija : doktorska disertacija
Popović, Milica, 1982-
Brajušković, Goran, 1968-
Gavrović-Jankulović, Marija, 1969-
Prodanović, Radivoje, 1972-
Science and medicine are abundant with some of the most fascinating historical discoveries.Many of these, significant for humanity, were made through accidental observations. Extracellularvesicles (EVs) were discovered in studies that originally had entirely different objectives. Researchin the fields of haematology, cell biology, and virology led to the discovery of small structures incirculation that did not belong to previously known categories. After their discovery (in the 1930s), ittook a long time for the broader scientific community to accept and expand upon this completely newconcept of intercellular communication. As a result, this field remained unexplored for a long timeand has only experienced significant growth in the last 30 years. Today, it is known that EVs are lipidstructures released from cells, which, in addition to numerous roles, play a key part in maintainingthe homeostasis of the organism. They enable communication between cells, transferring informationsuch as proteins, RNA, and DNA molecules. The discovery that all cells can transfer informationthrough EVs has significantly increased their potential for applications in medicine and clinicalpractice. However, one of the main challenges in working with EVs is their isolation fromheterogeneous sources. Current methods allow for the isolation of EVs, but such preparations oftencontain numerous non-vesicular contaminants. The aim of this scientific dissertation was to developa new, fast, cost-effective, and reproducible method for isolating EVs from various biologicalsamples. In the first phase, a solid support was used for the immobilization of nanoantibodies specificfor EV recognition. The selected antibodies were recombinantly produced in the E. coli system, witha high yield of 3–5 mg/L of medium, significantly reducing production costs of the EVs purificationsystem. By immobilizing nanoantibodies onto the support, immunoaffinity chromatography wasdeveloped for the isolation of EVs, which was tested on several biological sources. Thecharacterization of EVs was performed using a combination of various biochemical and instrumentalmethods. In the final part of the dissertation, uptake of the vesicles isolated using nanobody-basedsystem was observed after staining EVs with a lipophilic dye (OilRed).
Nauka i medicina obiluju najfascinantnim istorijskim otkrićima. Mnoga od njih, značajna začovečanstvo, dogodila su se slučajnim opažanjem. Ekstracelularne vezikule (EVs) su otkrivene ustudijama koje su u to vreme imale sasvim drugi cilj. Istraživanja u poljima hematologije, ćelijskebiologije, virusologije dovela su do otkrića malih struktura u cirkulaciji, koje nisu pripadale dotadpoznatim kategorijama. Nakon njihovog otkrivanja (1930. godine), prošlo je mnogo vremena dok širanaučna zajednica nije prihvatila i proširila potpuno novi koncept razumevanja međućelijskekomunikacije. Zbog toga je ova oblast dugo ostala neistražena, a tek u poslednjih 30 godina doživljavasvoj procvat. Danas je poznato da su to lipidne strukture oslobođene iz ćelija, koje između ostalogimaju ključnu ulogu u održanju homeostaze organizma. One omogućavaju komunikaciju izmeđućelija, prenoseći informacije poput proteina, RNK i DNK molekula. Otkriće da sve ćelije moguprenositi informacije putem EVs značajno je povećalo njihov potencijal za primenu u medicini ikliničkoj praksi. Međutim, jedan od glavnih problema rada sa EVs je njihovo izolovanje izheterogenih izvora. Dosadašnje metode omogućavaju izolovanje EVs, ali takvi preparati sadržebrojne kontaminacije ne-vezikularne prirode. Cilj ove naučne disertacije bio je razvoj nove, brze,jeftine, reproducibilne metode za izolovanje EVs iz različitih bioloških uzoraka. U prvoj fazi korišćenje čvrsti nosač za imobilizaciju nanoantitela specifičnih za prepoznavanje EVs. Selektovana antitelasu proizvedena rekombinantno u E. coli sistemu, uz visok prinos od 3-5 mg/L medijuma, čime suznačajno smanjeni troškovi proizvodnje sistema za izolovanje EVs. Imobilizacijom nanoantitela nanosaču razvijena je imunoafinitetna hromatografija za izolovanje EVs, koja je testirana na nekolikobioloških izvora. Karakterizacija EVs obavljena je kombinacijom više različitih biohemijskih iinstrumentalnih metoda. U završnom delu disertacije, praćeno je preuzimanje ovako izolovanihvezikula obojenih lipofilnom bojom (OilRed).
Hemijske nauke - Biohemija / Chemistry - Biochemistry Datum odbrane: 09.05.2025.
srpski
2025
Ovo delo je licencirano pod uslovima licence
Creative Commons CC BY-NC 3.0 AT - Creative Commons Autorstvo - Nekomercijalno 3.0 Austria License.
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OSNO - Opšta sistematizacija naučnih oblasti, Biohemija
extracellular vesicles, nanobodies, polymethacrylate carrier, immunoaffinity purification, microscopy, flow cytometry, Hek293, Skbr3, plasma, urine
OSNO - Opšta sistematizacija naučnih oblasti, Biohemija
ekstracelularne vezikule, nanoantitela, polimetakrilatni nosač, imunoafinitetno prečišćavanje, mikroskopija, protočna citometrija, Hek293, Skbr3, plazma, urin