Uticaj influensera na potrošačko ponašanje tinejdžera u Srbiji : master teza
Matić, Željko
Apstrakt U poslednjih nekoliko godina pojave poput digitalizacije, interneta i društvenih mreža dovele su do vidljivih promena kako u pogledu svakodnevne komunikacije, tako i na nivou lične potrošnje. Tražeći način da se prilagode novonastalim okolnostima, a pre svega tinejdžerima koji postaju sve otporniji na tradicionalne metode oglašavanja, mnoga preduzeća okrenula su se primeni influenser marketinga. Zbog potencijala koji ovi uticajni pojedinci sa društvenih mreža poseduju, ali i usled nedostatka domaćih uvida u vezi ove tematike, za predmet istraživanja postavljeno je ispitivanje influensera i njihovog uticaja na potrošačko ponašanje tinejdžera u Srbiji. Cilj je bio da se mapiraju najznačajniji elementi influenser marketinga, a pre svega oni vezani za uticajne pojedince sa društvenih mreža, poput: dimenzija kredibiliteta, sličnosti sa pratiocima, te kongruencije influensera i proizvoda. Namera je bila da se kreiranjem integrativnog modela bliže ispita uticaj datih elemenata kako na kupovnu nameru, tako i na druge varijable koje se oblikuju delovanjem influensera – u prvom redu: stavove prema brendu, percepciju vrednosti i parasocijalnu vezu, a koje su se u dosadašnjim istraživanjima pokazale kao bitni prediktori potrošačkog ponašanja. Kvantitativno istraživanje u kojem je 203 ispitanika uzelo učešće u popunjavanju anketnog upitnika pokazalo je da su gotovo svi elementi uticaja signifikantni. Naime, nalazi višestruke regresione analize pokazali su da se kao najčešći prediktori u vezi sa influenserima izdvajaju sličnost ispitanika sa influenserom, te kongruencija influensera i proizvoda. Pomenuti elementi ostvarili su pozitivan uticaj kako na potrošačko ponašanje, tako i na percepciju vrednosti i stavove ispitanika prema brendu. Takođe, pokazalo se i da sličnost značajno utiče i na ispoljavanje parasocijalne veze sa uticajnim pojedincem. Govoreći o dimenzijama kredibiliteta, ispostavilo se da jedino poverenje i ekspertiza ostvaruju uticaj i to na razvoj parasocijalne veze, te percepciju vrednosti, dok je u pogledu atraktivnosti zabeleženo odsustvo signifikantnosti u svim posmatranim slučajevima. Naposletku, rezultati proste regresione analize kojom smo ispitivali uticaj faktora oblikovanih delovanjem influensera na kupovnu nameru − percepcija vrednosti, stav prema brendu i parasocijalna veza; kao i rezultati t-testa, pokazali su pozitivan ishod kod svih analiziranih pojava, kao i to da se na nivou pola može govoriti o prisustvu razlika budući da su ispitanice u poređenju sa ispitanicima znatno sklonije iskazivanju kupovne intencije. Dobijeni nalazi su od značaja ne samo u pogledu teorijskih implikacija i proširivanja trenutnih saznanja iz ovog domena, već i u smislu praktičnih implikacija koje će biti od koristi menadžerima prilikom kreiranja marketinških strategija i unapređenja poslovnih ciljeva.
Abstract In the last few years phenomena such as digitization, the Internet and social media have led to visible changes not only at the level of everyday communication, but also at the level of personal consumption. Looking for a way to adapt to new circumstances, and above all to teenagers who are becoming resistant to traditional advertising methods, many companies have shifted their focus to influencer marketing. Due to the potential that these individuals from social media possess, but also due to the lack of domestic insights regarding this topic, the subject of the research was the examination of influencers and their impact on the consumer behavior of teenagers in Serbia. The objective was to identify the most significant elements of influencer marketing, particularly those associated with social media influencers, such as credibility, similarity with followers, and influencer-product congruence. The intention was to develop an integrative model to examine the influence of the given elements both on the purchase intention and on other variables that are shaped by the action of influencers - specifically: attitudes towards the brand, perceived value, and parasocial relationships, which in previous researches proved to be important predictors of consumer behavior. Quantitative research in which 203 respondents took part in filling out the survey questionnaire showed that almost all elements of influence are significant. The findings of the multiple regression analysis showed that the most common predictors are the similarity with the influencer, and the congruence of the influencer and the product. The mentioned elements had a positive impact both on consumer behavior and on the perceived value and attitudes of respondents towards the brand. It has also been shown that similarity has a significant effect on the manifestation of a parasocial relationship with an influential individual. Speaking about the dimensions of credibility, it turned out that only trustworthiness and expertise have an impact on the development of parasocial relationships and the perception of value, while in terms of attractiveness the absence of significance was noted in all observed cases. Finally, the results of a simple regression analysis by which we examined the impact of factors shaped by the influencer's action on purchase intention, as well as the results of the t-test, showed a positive outcome for all analyzed phenomena. Furthermore, it became evident that gender differences exist since female respondents are significantly more inclined to express purchase intention than their male peers. The obtained findings are important not only in terms of theoretical implications and expansion of current knowledge from this domain, but also in terms of practical implications that will be useful to managers while creating marketing strategies and improving business goals.
srpski
2024
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Creative Commons CC BY 4.0 - Creative Commons Autorstvo 4.0 International License.
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Keywords: influencers, social media, consumer behavior, teenagers
Ključne reči: Influenseri, društvene mreže, ponašanje potrošača, tinejdžeri