Naslov (srp)

Procena izloženosti hemijskim opasnostima u hrani animalnog porekla : doktorska disertacija

Autor

Petrović, Jelena B., 1978-

Doprinosi

Đekić, Ilija, 1968-
Puđa, Predrag, 1956-
Janković, Vesna, 1970-
Tomašević, Igor, 1974-
Šmigić, Nada, 1978-
Karabasil, Neđeljko, 1971-
Miočinović, Jelena, 1975-

Opis (srp)

Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je da se izvrši kvantitativna procena izloženosti stanovništva Srbijehemijskim opasnostima u hrani životinjskog porekla. Istraživanjem su obuhvaćeni: aflatoksin M 1 umleku i proizvodima od mleka, histamin u svežoj, zamrznutoj i konzerviranoj ribi, toksični elementi(kadmijum, živa i arsen) u svežoj, zamrznutoj i konzerviranoj ribi i plodovima mora, esencijalnielementi (cink, bakar i gvožđe) u konzerviranoj ribi i plodovma mora i aditivi (nitriti, sulfiti ifosfati) u proizvodima od mesa. Ovaj cilj je ispunjen sprovođenjem istraživanja o potrošnji hraneživotinjskog porekla na uzorku stanovništva u Srbiji i analizom sadržaja hemijskih opasnosti uproizvodima sa domaćeg tržišta. Dobijeni podaci su iskorišćeni kao ulazni elementi za Monte Karlosimulacionu metodu i na taj način je dobijena procena izloženosti navedenim hemijskimopasnostima u hrani životinjskog porekla.Istraživanja o navikama odraslog stanovništva Srbije u konzumiranju namirnica animalnog poreklasu sprovedena u skladu sa preporukama koje je dala Evropska agencija za bezbednost hrane (engl.EFSA – European Food Safety Authority). Upitnik o konzumiranju mleka i proizvoda od mleka iupitnik o konzumiranju ribe, plodova mora i njihovih proizvoda su sprovedeni tokom 2018. godinena uzorku od 1.000 ispitanika, a upitnik o konzumiranju proizvoda od mesa tokom 2017. godine nauzorku od 900 ispitanika. Rezultati pokazuju da je potrošnja mleka u Srbiji u okviru prosečnepotrošnje u evropskim zemljama, a potrošnja ribe neznatno manja od nekih evropskih zemalja, alida se proizvodi od mesa u Srbiji konzumiraju u prekomernim količinama.Vrednosti koncentracija aflatoksina M 1 u sirovom mleku (385 uzoraka) i proizvodima od mleka(556 uzoraka) dobijene su iz analiza sprovedenih u periodu od četiri godine (2015 - 2018).Paralelno su analizirani uzorci hrane za životinje na prisustvo aflatoksina B 1 (747 uzoraka) uperiodu od pet uzastopnih godina (2014 -2018). Rezultati ukazuju na to da nisu uvedene efikasnemere za kontrolu razvoja gljivica koje proizvode aflatoksine u hrani za životinje, što i dalje rezultirau povećanoj koncentraciji aflatoksina B 1 u hrani za životinje i, posledično, aflatoksina M 1 u sirovommleku. Postignut je značajan napredak u smanjenju koncentracije aflatoksina M 1 u proizvodima odmleka u odnosu na prethodni period, za razliku od sirovog mleka, gde napredak postoji, ali jemnogo manji. Industrija mleka je odigrala ključnu ulogu u smanjenju nivoa izloženosti stanovništvaaflatoksinu M 1 u proizvodima od mleka pooštravanjem kontrole ulazne sirovine i finalnihproizvoda. Monte Karlo simulacijom sa 100.000 iteracija dobijen je procenjeni dnevni unosaflatoksina M 1 u rasponu od 0,062–0,076 ng/kg tm/dan, u zavisnosti od metode prikupljanjapodataka o ishrani i primenjenih scenarija. Dobijene vrednosti ukazuju na umerene rizikeizloženosti u poređenju sa sličnim studijama koje su sprovedene širom sveta.Prikupljeni uzorci sveže, zamrznute i konzervirane ribe i plodova mora analizirani su tokom petgodina (2014 - 2018). Određivanje sadržaja histamina izvršeno je na 974 uzoraka ribe i proizvoda;kadmijuma na 1.909, žive na 1.911 i arsena na oko 1.891 uzorku ribe i morskih plodova i njihovihproizvoda, a određivanje sadržaja bakra, cinka i gvožđa na 454 uzorka ribe i morskih plodova ukonzervi. Monte Karlo metodom procenjen je prosečni dnevni unos kroz konzumiranje ovihnamirnica za: histamin (0,0274 mg/kg tm/dan), kadmijum (0,0347 mg/kg tm/dan), živu (0,2426mg/kg tm/dan), arsen (0,5576 mg/kg tm/dan), bakar (1,2241 mg/kg tm/dan), cink (5,4634 mg/kgtm/dan) i gvožđe (9,2231 mg/kg tm/dan)...

Opis (srp)

Tehnološko inženjerstvo - Tehnologija animalnih proizvoda / Technological Engineering - Technology of animal products Datum odbrane: 30.11.2022.

Opis (eng)

he aim of this research was to perform a quantitative assessment of the exposure of the populationof Serbia to chemical hazards in foods of animal origin. The study included: aflatoxin M1 in milkand dairy products; histamine, toxic (cadmium, mercury and arsenic) and essential elements (zinc,copper and iron) in fish and; additives (nitrites, sulphites and phosphates) in meat products. Thisgoal was met by conducting surveys on food consumption in a sample of the local population andanalyzing the content of chemical hazards in food products on the local market. The data obtainedwere used as input elements for the Monte Carlo simulation method, and thereby, estimates of theexposure to the stated chemical hazards in foods of animal origin were obtained.Research on the consumption habits of the adult Serbian population with regard to food of animalorigin was conducted in accordance with the recommendations given by European Food SafetyAuthority (EFSA). A questionnaire on the consumption of milk and dairy products and aquestionnaire on the consumption of fish, seafood and their products were administered in 2018 to asample of 1,000 respondents, and the questionnaire on the consumption of meat products wasadministered in 2017 to a sample of 900 respondents. The results show that the consumption ofmilk in Serbia is within the average consumption in European countries, and the consumption offish is slightly lower than in some European countries, but that meat products in Serbia areconsumed in excessive quantities.The concentrations of aflatoxin M 1 in raw milk (385 samples) and dairy products (556 samples)were obtained from analyses conducted over four years (2015-2018). In parallel, animal feedsamples were analyzed for the presence of aflatoxin B 1 (747 samples) over five consecutive years(2014-2018). The correlation between the measured concentrations of aflatoxin B 1 in animal feedand aflatoxin M 1 in raw milk and dairy products was monitored. The results indicate that noeffective measures have been introduced to control the development of aflatoxin-producing fungi inanimal feed, which is still resulting in high concentrations of aflatoxin M 1 in raw milk. Compared tothe previous period, significant progress has been made in reducing the concentration of aflatoxinM 1 in dairy products, in contrast to raw milk, where some progress has been made, but to a muchlesser extent. The dairy industry has played a key role in reducing the level of exposure of thepopulation to aflatoxin M 1 in dairy products by tightening the control of input raw materials andfinal products. The Monte Carlo simulation with 100,000 iterations yielded an estimated dailyintake of aflatoxin M 1 in the range of 0.062-0.076 ng/kg bw/day, depending on the method ofcollecting dietary data and the scenarios used. These amounts indicate moderate exposure riskscompared to similar studies worldwide.Samples of fresh, frozen and canned fish and seafood were analyzed over five years (2014-2018).Determination of histamine content was performed on 974 fish samples; cadmium on 1,909,mercury on 1,911 and arsenic on 1,891 samples of fish and seafood and products, and determinationof copper, zinc and iron content on 454 samples of canned fish and seafood. The Monte Carlomethod estimated the average daily intake through the consumption of fish: histamine (0.0274mg/kg bw/day), cadmium (0.0347 mg/kg bw/day), mercury (0.2426 mg/kg bw/day), arsenic (0.5576mg/kg bw/day), copper (1.2241 mg/kg bw/day), zinc (5.4634 mg/kg bw/day) and iron (9.2231mg/kg bw/day)...

Jezik

srpski

Datum

2022

Licenca

© All rights reserved

Predmet

OSNO - Opšta sistematizacija naučnih oblasti, Analiza prehrambenih animalnih proizvoda

aflatoksin M1, mleko i proizvodi od mleka, histamin, toksični i esencijalni elementi, riba i morski plodovi, aditivi, proizvodi od mesa, procenjeni dnevni unos, procena izloženosti, Monte Karlo analiza

637.07(043.3)

OSNO - Opšta sistematizacija naučnih oblasti, Analiza prehrambenih animalnih proizvoda

aflatoxin M1, milk and dairy products, histamine; toxic and essential elements, fish and seafood, additives, meat products, estimated daily intake, exposure assessment; Monte Carlo analysis